How many people know what is a sensor? And what are the characteristics of sensors? Actually, there are a lot of sensors, like gas sensors, oxygen sensors, humidity sensors, temperature sensors and so on. Following will give the detailed information about the sensors and the types of sensors.A sensor is a device which responds to an input quality (like temperature, pressure, distance, speed, humidity, presence of CO, presence of oxygen, sound, etc) by generating process able outputs (voltage, current, frequency, etc).
Measured ----> Sensor + Signal processor -----> to data acquisition system
The characteristics of sensor can be divided into two viz. static and dynamic groups. It is very important to understand these characteristics behaviors to map correctly the relation between the output versus input of a measured (input quality).
Below are some Static Characteristics:
accuracy, precision, repeatability, reproducibility, stability, error, noise, drift, resolution, minimum detectable signal, calibration curve, sensitivity, linearity, selectivity, hysteresis, measurement range, response and recovery time
accuracy, precision, repeatability, reproducibility, stability, error, noise, drift, resolution, minimum detectable signal, calibration curve, sensitivity, linearity, selectivity, hysteresis, measurement range, response and recovery time
Below are some dynamic characteristics:
Zero-order systems, first-order system and second- order system
Zero-order systems, first-order system and second- order system
A sensor response to a dynamically changing measured can be quite different from when it is exposed to time invariable input quality. Therefore, mathematical model is used to derive the relationship between input and output signal.
Simple definition: Sensors are device which measure a quantity of interest and producing some form of mechanical, electrical, or optical output signal.
A sensor is a transducer whose purpose is to sense (that is, to detect) some characteristic of its environs. It detects events or changes in quantities and provides a corresponding output, generally as an electrical or optical signal; for example, a thermocouple converts temperature to an output voltage. But a mercury-in-glass thermometer is also a sensor; it converts the measured temperature into expansion and contraction of a liquid which can be read on a calibrated glass tube.
Here is how we use the term (relative to a couple of other terms) in the pressure transducer manufacturing business:
A sensor produces a signal that varies with an input. Since the sensor output is not conditioned, it is installed into a system that conditions and linearizes the output.
A transducer or transmitter is a sensor that provides a conditioned output signal (i.e. voltage or current) that is conditioned and proportional to the input (i.e. pressure). This conditioning and calibration is done at the manufacturer and is “ready to use” by someone purchasing the sensor.
A transducer or transmitter is a sensor that provides a conditioned output signal (i.e. voltage or current) that is conditioned and proportional to the input (i.e. pressure). This conditioning and calibration is done at the manufacturer and is “ready to use” by someone purchasing the sensor.
A sensor is basically a device which detects and converts your signal of interest into a measurable or observable quantity (mostly an electrical signal). Say for example, a pressure sensor detects pressure and converts it into an electrical output which can be further processed for actuation or to be displayed.
没有评论:
发表评论