Bosch oxygen sensor marks 40 years on market

Robert Bosch LLC is celebrating the 40th anniversary of its invention of the automotive oxygen sensor and is marking the production of its one billionth oxygen sensor.
An integral part of today’s sophisticated vehicles, automotive oxygen sensors are now a standard feature on all gasoline and most diesel engines worldwide. No other vehicle component stands for “clean driving” as much as the automotive oxygen sensor does, keeping the fuel system running efficiently to protect the environment from harmful emissions while helping to save fuel cost, according to Bosch.
“Since pioneering this technology four decades ago, Bosch has continued to lead the way in automotive oxygen sensor design and innovation,” says Eric Yagley, senior product manager oxygen sensors for Robert Bosch LLC, Automotive Aftermarket North America. “Today’s Bosch Wideband oxygen sensor has a more sophisticated sensing element that provides a signal to the vehicle’s ECU that is proportional to the amount of oxygen in the exhaust.”
The automotive oxygen sensor was developed by Bosch as emissions systems were beginning to be established in the 1970s. At that time, a growing need to meet new stringent emission standards resulted in countless rounds of testing and development, and ultimately the first automotive oxygen sensor, the Bosch Lambda Sensor, was created.
As an early adopter of the technology, Volvo was the first manufacturer to equip its vehicles with automotive oxygen sensors, starting with the 1976 Volvo Lambda Sonde. In the years since, automotive oxygen sensors have become an essential part of the modern emissions system which monitors and regulates the combustion process, with many applications utilizing multiple oxygen sensors in the vehicle exhaust system.
The company says one of the best testaments to the quality of Bosch oxygen sensors came in 2012. The NASCAR Sprint Cup Series made the switch from carbureted to fuel-injected engines, and Bosch became the exclusive oxygen sensor of NASCAR. In 2016, Bosch extended its partnership with NASCAR to include fuel pumps and injectors as well.
Bosch offers a full coverage program of aftermarket automotive oxygen sensors, produced on the same manufacturing lines as Bosch OE sensors. These aftermarket sensors feature OE form, fit and function to meet or exceed manufacturer specifications. Bosch Oxygen Sensors are jointly engineered and manufactured in the United States and Germany.

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The Oxygen Sensor and How it Works

An oxygen sensor is also known as an (O2 Sensor) which is a vital component of any vehicle’s emission system.

Some old vehicles have fuel injection systems, while all new vehicles have them, in which a computer will regulate the amount of fuel that is delivered to the engine. The computer will communicate with the sensors throughout the system to determine how much fuel to deliver to the engine and of course, how frequently.

The oxygen sensor is found in the exhaust manifold.

One end of the oxygen sensor will detect the oxygen levels in the exhaust flow. The other end will connect to the wiring that gives all the information to the computer.

The computer will then use the sensor readings to make sure that the engine is getting the right amount of fuel. If there is too much or too little fuel, the readings from the oxygen sensor will change, and this will then make the computer readjust the amount of fuel that is being delivered to the engine.

An oxygen sensor will fail from time to time. Whenever the sensor malfunctions, all the important feedback about the engine performance will then be lost. This will then cause the computer that runs the electronic fuel injection system to have absolutely no idea of how much fuel to deliver to the engine.

An O2 sensor always has a mileage rating. This indicates to us how long the sensor is expected to last. There are a few different ways of finding this information.

A vehicle owner’s manual or a shop manual should state what the lifespan of the oxygen sensor is expected to be. If none of these books are available then the dealership will be able to look up the information for a specific vehicle. Also auto parts stores will have the information. In general the oxygen sensor should last approximately 30,000 miles in older vehicles and 60,000 miles in newer vehicles if not more, but be sure to check your cars manual or techincal service bulletin for the right time to change it.

When you find out the mileage rating for the O2 sensor in your vehicle, it is always a good idea to keep all records of when any mechanical work is done on the vehicle. Therefore if you know at least when the sensor was replaced in the first place you will know when it needs to be replaced again.

If you replace the oxygen sensor regularly it will help:

- Maintain your gas mileage.

- Help prevent other related car troubles.

- Helps prevent failed emission tests due to malfunctioning oxygen sensors

- Help prevent poorly running engines with rich gasoline mixes.

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Global Automobile Oxygen Sensor Market Capacity, Production, Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

‘Global Automobile Oxygen Sensor Market Research Report’ is an exclusive study offered by ‘The Market Reports’ which analyze production, consumption, sales and key company’s profile.

This report analyse the Automobile Oxygen Sensor industry in two aspects. One part is about its production and the other part is about its consumption. In terms of its production, it analyzes the production, revenue, gross margin of its main manufacturers and the unit price that they offer in different regions from 2011 to 2016. In terms of its consumption, it analyzes the consumption volume, consumption value, sale price, import and export in different regions from 2011 to 2016.

Automobile Oxygen Sensor industry report also provides a prediction of its production and consumption in coming 2016-2021. At the same time, it classifies different Automobile Oxygen Sensor based on their definitions. Upstream raw materials, equipment and downstream consumers analysis is also carried out. What’s more, the Automobile Oxygen Sensor industry development trends and marketing channels are analyzed. Finally, the feasibility of new investment projects is assessed, and overall research conclusions are offered.

Preview of topics covered in Automobile Oxygen Sensor Market Report are as follows:

1. Industry Overview of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
2. Industry Chain Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
3. Manufacturing Technology of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
4. Major Manufacturers Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
5. Global Productions, Revenue and Price Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Regions, Manufacturers, Types and Applications
6. Global and Major Regions Capacity, Production, Revenue and Growth Rate of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
7. Consumption Volume, Consumption Value, Import, Export and Sale Price Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Regions
8. Gross and Gross Margin Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
9. Marketing Traders or Distributor Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
10. Global and Chinese Economic Impacts on Automobile Oxygen Sensor Industry
11. Development Trend Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
12. Contact information of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
13. New Project Investment Feasibility Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
14. Conclusion of the Global Automobile Oxygen Sensor Industry 2016 Market Research Report

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Global Automobile Oxygen Sensor Industry Market Research 2016 to 2021

In this report, we analyze the Automobile Oxygen Sensor industry from two aspects. One part is about its production and the other part is about its consumption. In terms of its production, we analyze the production, revenue, gross margin of its main manufacturers and the unit price that they offer in different regions from 2011 to 2016. In terms of its consumption, we analyze the consumption volume, consumption value, sale price, import and export in different regions from 2011 to 2016. We also make a prediction of its production and consumption in coming 2016-2021.

At the same time, we classify different Automobile Oxygen Sensor based on their definitions. Upstream raw materials, equipment and downstream consumers analysis is also carried out. What’s more, the Automobile Oxygen Sensor industry development trends and marketing channels are analyzed.
Finally, the feasibility of new investment projects is assessed, and overall research conclusions are offered.
Data source: customs database, industry association, expert interview and network information, etc.
4 Major Manufacturers Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
    4.1 Company 1
      4.1.1 Company Profile
      4.1.2 Product Picture and Specifications
      4.1.3 Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Gross and Revenue
      4.1.4 Contact Information
    4.2 Company 2
      4.2.1 Company Profile
      4.2.2 Product Picture and Specifications
      4.2.3 Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Gross and Revenue
      4.2.4 Contact Information
    4.3 Company 3
      4.3.1 Company Profile
      4.3.2 Product Picture and Specifications
      4.3.3 Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Gross and Revenue
      4.3.4 Contact Information
    4.4 Company 4
      4.4.1 Company Profile
      4.4.2 Product Picture and Specifications
      4.4.3 Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Gross and Revenue
      4.4.4 Contact Information
    4.5 Company 5
      4.5.1 Company Profile
      4.5.2 Product Picture and Specifications
      4.5.3 Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Gross and Revenue
      4.5.4 Contact Information
    4.6 Company 6
      4.6.1 Company Profile
      4.6.2 Product Picture and Specifications
      4.6.3 Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Gross and Revenue
      4.6.4 Contact Information
    4.7 Company 7
      4.7.1 Company Profile
      4.7.2 Product Picture and Specifications
      4.7.3 Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Gross and Revenue
      4.7.4 Contact Information
    4.8 Company 8
      4.8.1 Company Profile
      4.8.2 Product Picture and Specifications
      4.8.3 Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Gross and Revenue
      4.8.4 Contact Information
    4.9 Company 9
      4.9.1 Company Profile
      4.9.2 Product Picture and Specifications
      4.9.3 Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Gross and Revenue
      4.9.4 Contact Information
    4.10 Company 10
      4.10.1 Company Profile
      4.10.2 Product Picture and Specifications
      4.10.3 Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Gross and Revenue
      4.10.4 Contact Information
5 Global Production, Revenue and Price Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Regions, Manufacturers, Types and Applications
    5.1 Global Production, Revenue of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Regions 2011-2016
    5.2 Global Production, Revenue of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Manufacturers 2011-2016
    5.3 Global Production, Revenue of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Types 2011-2016
    5.4 Global Production, Revenue of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Applications 2011-2016
    5.5 Price Analysis of Global Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Regions, Manufacturers, Types and Applications in 2011-2016
6 Global and Major Regions Capacity, Production, Revenue and Growth Rate of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
    6.1 Global Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Revenue, of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
    6.2 China Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Revenue, of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
    6.3 Europe Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Revenue, of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
    6.4 Asia excepting China Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Revenue, of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
    6.5 North America Capacity, Production, Price, Cost, Revenue, of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
7 Consumption Volume, Consumption Value, Import, Export and Sale Price Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Regions
    7.1 Global Consumption Volume and Consumption Value of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Regions 2011-2016
    7.2 Global Consumption Volume, Consumption Value and Growth Rate of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
    7.3 China Consumption Volume, Consumption Value, Import, Export and Growth Rate of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
    7.4 Europe Consumption Volume, Consumption Value, Import, Export and Growth Rate of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
    7.4 Asia excepting China Consumption Volume, Consumption Value, Import, Export and Growth Rate of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
    7.5 North America Consumption Volume, Consumption Value, Import, Export and Growth Rate of Automobile Oxygen Sensor 2011-2016
    7.6 Sale Price Analysis of Global Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Regions 2011-2016
8 Gross and Gross Margin Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
    8.1 Global Gross and Gross Margin of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Regions 2011-2016
    8.2 Global Gross and Gross Margin of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Manufacturers 2011-2016
    8.3 Global Gross and Gross Margin of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Types 2011-2016
    8.4 Global Gross and Gross Margin of Automobile Oxygen Sensor by Applications 2011-2016
9 Marketing Trader or Distributor Analysis of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
    9.1 Marketing Channels Status of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
    9.2 Marketing Channels Characteristic of Automobile Oxygen Sensor
    9.3 Marketing Channels Development Trend of Automobile Oxygen Sensor

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What is the Oxygen Sensor all about?

With each new model year, manufacturers are adding more oxygen sensors to better manage engine operation. Some high performance engines have an oxygen sensor for each cylinder as well as one for the rear of each catalytic convertor. The sensors are located either underneath the hood or underneath the car. The oxygen sensors are connected (screwed) to the exhaust pipe, either in front or back of the catalytic converter. The front (upstream) sensors measure the amount of oxygen in the exhaust system. The purpose of the front oxygen sensor(s) is to measure how rich or lean the gases are as the gases exit the combustion chamber. Depending upon whether the exhaust gas is lean (high in oxygen content) or rich (low in oxygen content), the amount of fuel entering the engine is adjusted by the engine management computer to try and maintain an ideal mixture that produces the lowest emissions output from the catalytic convertor.

Rear (downstream) sensors are located behind the catalytic converter. The purpose of the rear oxygen sensor(s) is to monitor the oxygen content of the exhaust gases leaving the catalytic convertor.

If one or more of the oxygen sensors are faulty, your car may not pass the emissions test. If you drive your car with a faulty oxygen sensor, you may get poor gas mileage and it can damage the catalytic converter.

Keep in mind:

• Many oxygen sensors are damaged by leaking oil or coolant. If that is the case, the cause of that leak needs to be identified and repaired, or else the replacement oxygen sensor will be damaged as well.
• New vehicles require specific oxygen sensors, and not the universal sensors that were common prior to 1996.

How it's done:

• Scan the computer in the car for codes.
• Inspect for vacuum leaks and holes in the exhaust system.
• Remove and replace the oxygen sensor if it is bad.
• Check electrical connections.
• Check for proper operation of oxygen sensors.
• Clear diagnostic codes.
• Test drive car.

Our recommendation:

Keep up with the tune-ups. If check engine light is on, don't drive the car too long without getting it inspected. If check engine light is flashing, pull over and get the car towed to avoid costly repairs. Ask the mechanic to inspect the vacuum hoses and leaks in the exhaust system. If the vacuum hose or exhaust system is leaking, it will display an oxygen sensor fault code. Replacing an oxygen sensor may not fix the problem.

What common symptoms indicate you may need to replace the Oxygen Sensor?

• Check Engine light is on.
• Car is getting poor gas mileage.
• Emission test fails.

How important is this service?

Your vehicle has multiple oxygen sensors, and they all help the car run optimally. The front sensors measure how much oxygen is in the exhaust stream to measure how rich or lean the gases leaving the gas chamber are. The rear sensors measure the oxygen content of the gases as they leave the catalytic converter. The oxygen sensors then relay this information to your vehicle’s electronic control unit, so that it can adjust as necessary. Because cars depend on an ideal fuel-to-air ratio to function optimally, the oxygen sensors are leaned on for engine performance. When your oxygen sensors fail your car will run less smoothly, get worse mileage, and have worse emissions.

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How does the oxygen sensor in a car work?

Every new car, and most cars produced after 1980, have an oxygen sensor. The sensor is part of the emissions control system and feeds data to the¬ engine management computer. The goal of the sensor is to help the engine run as efficiently as possible and also to produce as few emissions as possible.
¬A gasoline engine burns gasoline in the presence of oxygen (see How Car Engines Work for complete details). It turns out that there is a particular ratio of air and gasoline that is "perfect," and that ratio is 14.7:1 (different fuels have different perfect ratios -- the ratio depends on the amount of hydrogen and carbon found in a given amount of fuel).

If there is less air than this perfect ratio, then there will be fuel left over after combustion. This is called a rich mixture. Rich mixtures are bad because the unburned fuel creates pollution. If there is more air than this perfect ratio, then there is excess oxygen. This is called a lean mixture. A lean mixture tends to produce more nitrogen-oxide pollutants, and, in some cases, it can cause poor performance and even engine damage.

Th¬e oxygen sensor is positioned in the exhaust pipe and can detect rich and lean mixtures. The mechanism in most sensors involves a chemical reaction that generates a voltage (see the patents below for details). The engine's computer looks at the voltage to determine if the mixture is rich or lean, and adjusts the amount of fuel entering the engine accordingly.

The reason why the engine needs the oxygen sensor is because the amount of oxygen that the engine can pull in depends on all sorts of things, such as the altitude, the temperature of the air, the temperature of the engine, the barometric pressure, the load on the engine, etc.

When the oxygen sensor fails, the computer can no longer sense the air/fuel ratio, so it ends up guessing. Your car performs poorly and uses more fuel than it needs to.

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Fluorescent Oxygen Sensor Gains A Completive Edge

Electrochemical sensors are extremely sensitive to changes in the gas pressure, even when the O2 concentration remains constant. LuminOx from SST Sensing (UK) is available in two versions: LOX-01 (without built-in pressure compensation) and LOX-02 (which contains a barometric pressure sensor).

LOX-01 measures oxygen partial pressure between 0 and 300mbar. If the total gas pressure changes, then the ppO2 changes and LuminOx reports this.

LOX-02 reports both oxygen sensor (ppO2 in mbar) and O2 concentration (vol. % O2), the latter being calculated from the total gas pressure and the ppO2. This means that LuminOx will continue to read the correct oxygen concentration, even during rapid pressure changes. As for the temperature measurement, LuminOx is able to transmit the total gas pressure to the host via the two-wire communications interface.

The three sensors were supplied with 21% O2 and the gas temperature was held at 20 degrees C. A pump was used to introduce a brief pulse of positive pressure of around 250mbar. The blue line in the graph below is the pressure measured inside the test enclosure. The pressure is read on the axis to the right of the graph. The O2% reported by the three sensors is measured on the left axis.

A similar test was performed with smaller (20mbar) positive and negative pulses.

LuminOx is affected slightly but only briefly during the pressure event. The electrochemical sensors are affected significantly (the O2% error is as large as 34%) and the disturbance in the output lasts for a long time.

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