Oxygen-monitoring techniques are applied to various fields, such as
chemicals, deep sea environment, fluid dynamics, clinical analysis and
environmental monitoring.
Recently, a variety of devices and sensors based on
phosphorescence or photoexcited state quenching of porphyrin molecules have
been developed to measure oxygen concentration on the solid surface. Many optical oxygen sensors are composed of porphyrins (platinum(II), palladium(II),
zinc(II), metal-free, etc.) dispersed in oxygen-permeable polymer film
or directly immobilized onto solid surface via chemical or physical
adsorption.
Oxygen-sensing systems are classified into four types:
(1)
phosphorescence intensity change,
(2) phosphorescence lifetime change,
(3)
change of lifetime of photoexcited triplet state, and
(4) intensity change of
absorption of photoexcited triplet state. In this review, the properties of
various optical oxygen-sensing devices using porphyrins and sensing system are
introduced.
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