Over the last 25 years, the field of fiber optics has undergone
tremendous growth and advancement. Fiber optic sensors abbreviated as FOS
came into picture as a byproduct of telecommunications. Initially it
was designed with the aim of measuring the status and performance of the
optical fiber networks. Optical networks are used for transmitting of
voice and data signals around the world. These networks require
perpetual monitoring so as to ensure proper transmission of signal along
the fibers. These sensors are quite immune to electromagnetic
interference, and being a poor conductor of electricity they can be used
in places where there is flammable material such as jet fuel or high
voltage electricity. Fiber optic sensors can be designed to withstand
high temperatures as well. Most physical properties can be sensed
optically with fiber optic sensors. Temperature, light intensity,
displacement, pressure, rotation, strain, sound, magnetic field,
electric field, chemical analysis, radiation, flow, liquid level and
vibration are just some of the phenomena that can be sensed via these
sensors. Due to its characteristic of being impervious to
electromagnetic interference and ability to operate in harsh
environments, these sensors can be deployed in conditions where
electronic sensors fail.
Distributed fiber optic sensors represent a technology that can be
applied to a multitude of sensing applications with several
characteristic advantages of fiber optics that make their use especially
attractive for sensors. Fiber optic sensors are used in wide range of
applications ranging from energy, defense, medicine, industrial,
structural and transportation, security applications. For many years,
distributed fiber optic sensors have been in use for military gyroscopes
and hydrophones. To realize the full potential in distributed fiber
optic sensors market, few improvements such as sensor robustness needs
to be carried out in these sensors. Oil and gas market has opened an
entire new business stream for the fiber optic sensors market, as they
paved way for an entire new revenue generation system for the service
providers. Initially the commercialization was focused primarily on the
military applications. However, with the usage of distributed fiber
optic sensors in smart oil wells North America is enabling itself to be
on the path of energy independence. With the further technological
advancements, its going to gain traction in the coming years.
Distributed fiber optic sensors provides an extra edge over existing
conventional electronic systems by completely eliminating the need of
electronics at the sensor end; with low cost, high bandwidth, light
weight, improved reliability and EMI/RFI immunity.
Distributed Fiber Optic Sensors Market: Drivers & Restraints
Increasing investments in civil structures, smart manufacturing, growing
needs of telecommunication industry are some of the key factors driving
the growth of the global distributed fiber optic sensors market.
Cost and unfamiliarity remain the primary barriers to fiber optic sensor
growth into new applications. Price fluctuation in oil industry and
stringent environmental regulations are few more probable factors
restraining the growth of the global distributed fiber optic sensors
market.
Distributed Fiber Optic Sensors Market: Segmentation
The global distributed fiber optic sensors market is broadly classified
on the basis of technology, applications and geographies.
Based on application, the global distributed fiber optic sensors market is segmented into:
• Oil & Gas
• Pipelines
• Infrastructure
• Geothermal
• Process control
• Security
• Wind energy turbines
Based on technology, the global distributed fiber optic sensors market is segmented into:
• Brillouin Scattering
• Raman Scattering
• Rayleigh Scattering
• Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG)
Distributed Fiber Optic Sensors Market: Overview
Though distributed fiber optic sensors traces back its history years
ago, but for the emerging economies like India this market is gaining
grounds recently.
With developing new technologies in emerging economies, rapid
urbanization and increasing housing and security investments, the
acceptance of distributed fiber optic sensors is gaining popularity. The
global distributed fiber optic sensors market is expected to expand at a
promising CAGR during the forecast period (2015-2025).
ISweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
2016年7月14日星期四
A Glimpse at Fiber Optic Sensors and Their Applications
Fiber optic technology and its applications have progressed rapidly in the
last 30 years. They are low cost and have the capability of carrying
information from one place to another, and are immune to the many interferences
that afflict electrical and wireless communication mediums. This has enabled
fiber optics to replace older technologies and play a key role in the fast and
strong growth in worldwide communications in the last 25 years.
The replacement of older technologies to fiber optics can be attributed to
the many advantages fiber optic technology offers, including:
·
Insensitive to EMI, RFI, and EMP
·
Does not radiate energy
·
Low transmission losses
·
Wide transmission bandwidth
·
Unaffected by lightning
·
Lightweight
·
Non-corrosive
·
Absolutely safe in explosive
environments
·
Flexible in upgrading
·
Immune to ground loops
·
Secure, cannot be tapped without
detection
Fiber-optic sensors are a powerful class of sensors, bringing to
measurement systems many of the advantages that optical-fiber technology has
brought to the telecommunications industry. Three main characteristics
differentiate fiber-optic sensors from other types of sensors: A) A high
bandwidth of optical fibers allows them to convey a large amount of measurand
information through a single fiber; B) The optical fiber is a dielectric, it is
not subject to interference from electromagnetic waves that might be present in
the sensing environment; and C) Fiber-optic sensors can function under adverse
conditions of temperature and pressure and toxic or corrosive environments that
can erode metals at a rapid rate, have little effect on optical fibers. In
addition, fiber-optic sensors are intrinsically safe in explosive environments
(no sparks), lightweight, compact, robust and potentially inexpensive.
Therefore, useful as sensing devices for a wide range of physical and chemical
applications including chemical, temperature, strain, biomedical, electrical
and magnetic, rotation, vibration, displacement, pressure and flow.
Many of these categories were developed by military organizations during
the past decade. These military sensors, while extremely effective at creating
"smarter" structures, have not found large commercial markets, with
only a few exceptions. These exceptional markets include: chemical sensing
(especially in the petrochemical industry), transportation, building and
structural monitoring and biomedical. The first three segments represent nearly
all of the existing market and the fourth represents an explosive market
waiting for proven, noninvasive technologies.
Figure 1 provides the revenue forecasts for fiber optic pressure sensors
for North America for the years 2000-2006.
In 1999, the total revenues for fiber-optic pressure sensor sales in North America totaled $14.5 million. This was an
approximate 5.5 percent growth from the previous year’s sales of $13.7 million.
It is anticipated this trend will continue for the forecast period (2006) of
this report, with growth rates accelerating from 2003 to 2006.
Fiber-optic sensors can perform the functions of virtually any
conventional sensor, often faster and with greater sensitivity, they can also
perform measurement tasks that would be impracticable with conventional
sensors. For instance, in building and structural monitoring, fiber-optic
sensors can be embedded in structures such as airplanes and bridges,
continuously reporting on structural integrity and possibly averting a
catastrophic failure.
Fiber Optics and Telecommunications
The telecommunications industry was primarily responsible for the
development of fiber optic sensor technology in the1980s. In spite of their
special capabilities, the general acceptance of fiber optic sensors has been
slow. The challenges of performance, cost, modularity and standardization all
limited penetration to industrial applications. However, in the past few years
that has started to change as companies educate the public to the benefits of
optical sensing in their quest for a larger part of the sensor market--a market
certainly worth pursuing. Indeed, for an indefinite period, electronic sensors,
which are well supported by electronic signal-handling methods and hold
established positions in control systems, are expected to coexist with
fiber-optic sensors. But electronic signal-handling methods can serve
fiber-optic sensors because optical signals readily convert into electronic
form. In the longer term, all-optical signal-handling methods will become
available, complementing and extending the capabilities of fiber-optic sensors.
The numerous advantages of fiber-optic sensors will ensure they continue
to attract research funding for further development. The maturation of
fiber-optic technology will, over time, expand the applications of fiber-optic
sensors as the cost of components such as laser sources and single-mode
couplers decline and smart technology improves. Furthermore, with the drive
toward automation by manufacturing facilities all over the world, the many
inherent advantages of fiber-optic sensors promise a major role for them in the
future.
Emerging Fiber-Optic Applications
Since its discovery as a communications medium in 1966, fiber optics,
transmitting or guiding light through the core of a flexible hair-thin glass
strand, has become the primary interest in the telecommunications community. As
demand for ever-higher bandwidth continues, researchers continue to design
faster fiber-optic communications systems. Although the communications market
for fiber optics of some $7 billion dominates fiber-optic applications, several
non-communications applications are emerging. Among those applications are the
fiber-optic delivery of electric power (power by light), fly-by-light control
of aircraft, fiber-optic delivery in laser welding, use of fiber optics for
illumination fiber-optic sensing of parameters such as temperature, chemical
constituency and strain in physical structures.
Figure 2 provides the percentage of revenue forecasts for the fiber-optic
pressure sensors market in North America for
the years 2000-2006 by end-user industry.
According to industry participants, fiber optic sensing technology shows
that light can provide the same, if not better, response than other
conventional sensing systems--sometimes many times faster and more accurate.
However, many in the industry attest to the fact that being able to do
something and do it well does not always guarantee monetary success. Economies
of scale, which relate to higher prices versus conventional techniques, and a
lack of understanding among application engineers who must work with sensors
everyday are some of the hurdles companies face on the road to success. Despite
all this, fiber optic sensors are making inroads in hazardous-environment,
environmental monitoring and other fields that will lead to further success
with this technology.
2016年7月8日星期五
A Glimpse at Fiber Optic Sensors and Their Applications
Fiber Optic Overview
Fiber optic technology and its applications have progressed rapidly in the
last 30 years. They are low cost and have the capability of carrying
information from one place to another, and are immune to the many interferences
that afflict electrical and wireless communication mediums. This has enabled
fiber optics to replace older technologies and play a key role in the fast and
strong growth in worldwide communications in the last 25 years.
The replacement of older technologies to fiber optics can be attributed to
the many advantages fiber optic technology offers, including:
·
Insensitive to EMI, RFI, and EMP
·
Does not radiate energy
·
Low transmission losses
·
Wide transmission bandwidth
·
Unaffected by lightning
·
Lightweight
·
Non-corrosive
·
Absolutely safe in explosive
environments
·
Flexible in upgrading
·
Immune to ground loops
·
Secure, cannot be tapped without
detection
Fiber-optic sensors are a powerful class of sensors, bringing to
measurement systems many of the advantages that optical-fiber technology has
brought to the telecommunications industry. Three main characteristics
differentiate fiber-optic sensors from other types of sensors: A) A high
bandwidth of optical fibers allows them to convey a large amount of measurand
information through a single fiber; B) The optical fiber is a dielectric, it is
not subject to interference from electromagnetic waves that might be present in
the sensing environment; and C) Fiber-optic sensors can function under adverse
conditions of temperature and pressure and toxic or corrosive environments that
can erode metals at a rapid rate, have little effect on optical fibers. In
addition, fiber-optic sensors are intrinsically safe in explosive environments
(no sparks), lightweight, compact, robust and potentially inexpensive.
Therefore, useful as sensing devices for a wide range of physical and chemical
applications including chemical, temperature, strain, biomedical, electrical
and magnetic, rotation, vibration, displacement, pressure and flow.
Many of these categories were developed by military organizations during
the past decade. These military sensors, while extremely effective at creating
"smarter" structures, have not found large commercial markets, with
only a few exceptions. These exceptional markets include: chemical sensing
(especially in the petrochemical industry), transportation, building and
structural monitoring and biomedical. The first three segments represent nearly
all of the existing market and the fourth represents an explosive market
waiting for proven, noninvasive technologies.
Figure 1 provides the revenue forecasts for fiber optic pressure sensors
for North America for the years 2000-2006.
In 1999, the total revenues for fiber-optic pressure sensor sales in North America totaled $14.5 million. This was an
approximate 5.5 percent growth from the previous year’s sales of $13.7 million.
It is anticipated this trend will continue for the forecast period (2006) of
this report, with growth rates accelerating from 2003 to 2006.
Fiber-optic sensors can perform the functions of virtually any
conventional sensor, often faster and with greater sensitivity, they can also
perform measurement tasks that would be impracticable with conventional
sensors. For instance, in building and structural monitoring, fiber-optic
sensors can be embedded in structures such as airplanes and bridges,
continuously reporting on structural integrity and possibly averting a
catastrophic failure.
Fiber Optics and Telecommunications
The telecommunications industry was primarily responsible for the
development of fiber-optic sensor technology in the1980s. In spite of their
special capabilities, the general acceptance of fiber optic sensors has been
slow. The challenges of performance, cost, modularity and standardization all
limited penetration to industrial applications. However, in the past few years
that has started to change as companies educate the public to the benefits of
optical sensing in their quest for a larger part of the sensor market--a market
certainly worth pursuing. Indeed, for an indefinite period, electronic sensors,
which are well supported by electronic signal-handling methods and hold
established positions in control systems, are expected to coexist with
fiber-optic sensors. But electronic signal-handling methods can serve
fiber-optic sensors because optical signals readily convert into electronic
form. In the longer term, all-optical signal-handling methods will become
available, complementing and extending the capabilities of fiber-optic sensors.
The numerous advantages of fiber-optic sensors will ensure they continue
to attract research funding for further development. The maturation of
fiber-optic technology will, over time, expand the applications of fiber-optic
sensors as the cost of components such as laser sources and single-mode
couplers decline and smart technology improves. Furthermore, with the drive
toward automation by manufacturing facilities all over the world, the many
inherent advantages of fiber-optic sensors promise a major role for them in the
future.
Emerging Fiber-Optic Applications
Since its discovery as a communications medium in 1966, fiber optics,
transmitting or guiding light through the core of a flexible hair-thin glass
strand, has become the primary interest in the telecommunications community. As
demand for ever-higher bandwidth continues, researchers continue to design
faster fiber-optic communications systems. Although the communications market
for fiber optics of some $7 billion dominates fiber-optic applications, several
non-communications applications are emerging. Among those applications are the
fiber-optic delivery of electric power (power by light), fly-by-light control
of aircraft, fiber-optic delivery in laser welding, use of fiber optics for
illumination fiber-optic sensing of parameters such as temperature, chemical
constituency and strain in physical structures.
Figure 2 provides the percentage of revenue forecasts for the fiber-optic
pressure sensors market in North America for
the years 2000-2006 by end-user industry.
According to industry participants, fiber optic sensing technology shows
that light can provide the same, if not better, response than other
conventional sensing systems--sometimes many times faster and more accurate.
However, many in the industry attest to the fact that being able to do
something and do it well does not always guarantee monetary success. Economies
of scale, which relate to higher prices versus conventional techniques, and a
lack of understanding among application engineers who must work with sensors
everyday are some of the hurdles companies face on the road to success. Despite
all this, fiber optic sensors are making inroads in hazardous-environment,
environmental monitoring and other fields that will lead to further success
with this technology.
2016年7月1日星期五
Introduction to Fiber Optic Sensors and their Types with Applications
In the year 1960, laser light was invented and after the invention of lasers, researchers had shown interest to study the applications of optical fiber communication systems for sensing, data communications, and many other applications. Subsequently the fiber optic communication system has become the ultimate choice for gigabits and beyond gigabits transmission of data. This type of fiber optic communication is used to transmit data, voice, telemetry and video over a long distance communication or computer networks or LANs.
This technology uses a light wave to transmit the data over a fiber by changing electronic signals into light. Some of the excellent characteristic features of this technology include light weightness, low attenuation, smaller diameter, long distance signal transmission, transmission security, and so on.
Significantly, the telecommunication technology has changed the recent advances in fiber optic technology. The last revolution appeared as designers to combine the productive results of optoelectronic devices with fiber-optic-telecommunication devices to create fiber optic sensors. Many of the components associated with these devices are often developed for the fiber-optic-sensor applications. The ability of the fiber optic sensors has increased in the place of traditional sensor.
Fiber Optic Sensors
The fiber optic sensors also called as optical fiber sensors use optical fiber or sensing element. These sensors are used to sense some quantities like temperature, pressure, vibrations, displacements, rotations or concentration of chemical species. Fibers have so many uses in the field of remote sensing because they require no electrical power at the remote location and they have tiny size.
Fiber optic sensors are supreme for insensitive conditions, including noise, high vibration, extreme heat, wet and unstable environments. These sensors can easily fit in small areas and can be positioned correctly wherever flexible fibers are needed. The wavelength shift can be calculated using a device, optical frequency-domain reflectrometry. The time-delay of the fiber optic sensors can be decided using a device such as an optical time-domain Reflectometer.
Block Diagram Of Fiber Optic Sensor
The general block diagram of fiber-optic sensor is shown above. The block diagram consists of optical source (Light Emitting Diode, LASER, and Laser diode), optical fiber, sensing element, optical detector and end-processing devices (optical-spectrum analyzer, oscilloscope). These sensors are classified into three categories based on the operating principles, sensor location and application.
2016年6月23日星期四
Fiber optic sensors enable new MRI applications
Fiber optic sensors have become a critical technology enabler behind the
latest functional MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) suite upgrades and
new MRI equipment designs. It is increasingly desirable to synchronize
certain patient activity with the MRI imaging system. The incredible
high magnetic field strengths are increasing with each generation (3.0
Tesla being the top of the line norm today) so that the electromagnetic
transparency of components become more important with each succeeding
generation and new application. The intrinsic passiveness and
electromagnetic immunity of optical sensors plus the all-dielectric
nature of optical fiber is ideal for both sensor design and optical
signal transmission in and out of Zone 4 (MRI Scanner location) of the
MRI suite.
Designing equipment that can operate within the extreme electromagnetic fields present in an MRI suite is extremely challenging. The MRI suite precludes the use of conventional components and structures fabricated from ferrous-based materials, nickel alloys and most stainless steel materials – including electronics, electric motors and other electrical and electromechanical devices commonly used in the industrial world. Magnetically attracted metals – small or large - can become harmful projectiles and either damage the machine or affect patient/operator safety. Also improper materials can create undesirable artifacts or distortions which affect the quality of the imaging results.
Our central focus is the development and application of MRI compatible fiber optic sensors necessary for closing the loop - specifically for measuring position, speed and limits. In this article we present three MRI-based motion control applications which demonstrate the operation and use of recently developed, commercially available MRI safe fiber optic-based feedback sensors.
Mythbuster - fiber optics is not fragile
Although made of glass, fiber optics is not fragile! Optical fiber and cabling is designed to be strong and resistant to physical abuse – especially excess bending and high tensile loads. The military uses optical fiber in the harshest applications , including aircraft, missiles, satellites and the most hostile environments - from the desert to the arctic, from undersea to space.
It’s essentially just another type of wire – a glass wire.
What is a fiber optic sensor?
As shown in Figure 1, a fiber optic sensor is a device that alters the properties of the light passing through the device based on a physical quantity imparted on the device. In this sense, the fiber optic sensor is not a true transducer - it does not convert one form of energy into another - but is instead a “sensing element” which changes a characteristic parameter of the light injected into the sensor. Hence, a typical fiber optic sensor system consists of three parts – the fiber coupled “passive” optical sensor, the “active” interrogator or system interface, and the fiber optic light path or link that connects them. Because of its low loss and ability to transmit interference-free over long distances, the fiber optic link provides the means of locating the active interrogator/system interface outside the MRI Scanner (Zone 4) Area. Figure 1. Block diagram of a fiber optic sensor systemHow does a fiber optic position sensor work?
Typically optical power (light) is sent to the sensor where the light is being altered or changed in amplitude, wavelength, polarization, etc. Other sensors measure the time of flight of the light while the physical property changes the optical path length.
The simplest form of a fiber optic sensor is an optic limit switch where the presence or absence of an object in the light path must be determined. In this case evaluating the ON-OFF state of light is sufficient and works reliably. To the fiber optic designer it is an unfortunate reality that optical amplitude within a fiber optic link is not stable and cannot be relied on for making absolute measurements. Long term source degradation, fiber bending and fiber optic connector non-repeatability all affect optical transmission over time and environmental factors severely affect measurement accuracy. Fiber optic communication links are reliable because they transmit digital information and all receivers incorporate an automatic gain control (AGC) amplifier.
Thus, position sensors that depend on light amplitude modulation have proven to be unstable, inaccurate and unreliable. Spectral-based techniques are much more reliable because they are not affected by light intensity. Whether the light level is low or high, the spectral light distribution in the fiber remains the same. For instance, Fiber Bragg Gratings are one such technology which alter the spectral behavior but are affected by temperature – making for a poor position sensor. The key optical innovation of the Micronor MR330 series MRI position sensor is that the position information is embedded into the optical spectrum and provides accurate, high resolution position information unaffected by varying losses or degradation in the fiber optic link. Utilizing the optical spectrum as the information carrier rather than amplitude assures reliable accuracy, even when the fiber link installation is degraded.
Figure 2. Diagram of the MR338 MRI safe fiber optic absolute position sensor
As shown in Figure 3, the interrogator/controller transmits a broadband light pulse to the sensor via the input fiber. Based on the position of the rotary code wheel, the internal optics passively convert this light pulse source into a return signal transmitted over the output fiber, in which the spectral pattern is essentially a unique binary representation of the rotary encoder’s angular position. Internally, the interrogator functions like a spectral analysis system in which the optical return signal is imaged onto a CCD and the resultant spectral signature analyzed and converted to an angular position code.
Figure 3. How the MR338 fiber optic position sensor works
The second innovation of the MR338 MRI Safe Position Sensor is its fabrication from non-metallic materials so to be completely RF transparent. This was not a simple substitution of non-metallic materials versus the original MR332 “Metallic” industrial sensor design. Due to the accuracy required, the materials must be extremely stable over temperature, humidity and time. Internally the sensor accurately resolves down to 4µm thus any shift of the material introduces an error in position reading. There are numerous plastic materials that have a suitable low temperature coefficient, however, as is typical for plastics, they exhibit hygroscopic property which means they change size based on moisture content. A suitable ceramic-like material is used for alignment of the dimensionally critical optics. This part is fabricated using high precision stereo lithographic fabrication technology.
The resulting MR338 MRI position sensor system offers 13-bit (8192 counts or 0.044°) single turn resolution and 12-bit (4096 count) multiturn tracking. The same optical technique is also applied to a fiber optic linear position sensing system.
ISweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
Designing equipment that can operate within the extreme electromagnetic fields present in an MRI suite is extremely challenging. The MRI suite precludes the use of conventional components and structures fabricated from ferrous-based materials, nickel alloys and most stainless steel materials – including electronics, electric motors and other electrical and electromechanical devices commonly used in the industrial world. Magnetically attracted metals – small or large - can become harmful projectiles and either damage the machine or affect patient/operator safety. Also improper materials can create undesirable artifacts or distortions which affect the quality of the imaging results.
Our central focus is the development and application of MRI compatible fiber optic sensors necessary for closing the loop - specifically for measuring position, speed and limits. In this article we present three MRI-based motion control applications which demonstrate the operation and use of recently developed, commercially available MRI safe fiber optic-based feedback sensors.
Mythbuster - fiber optics is not fragile
Although made of glass, fiber optics is not fragile! Optical fiber and cabling is designed to be strong and resistant to physical abuse – especially excess bending and high tensile loads. The military uses optical fiber in the harshest applications , including aircraft, missiles, satellites and the most hostile environments - from the desert to the arctic, from undersea to space.
It’s essentially just another type of wire – a glass wire.
What is a fiber optic sensor?
As shown in Figure 1, a fiber optic sensor is a device that alters the properties of the light passing through the device based on a physical quantity imparted on the device. In this sense, the fiber optic sensor is not a true transducer - it does not convert one form of energy into another - but is instead a “sensing element” which changes a characteristic parameter of the light injected into the sensor. Hence, a typical fiber optic sensor system consists of three parts – the fiber coupled “passive” optical sensor, the “active” interrogator or system interface, and the fiber optic light path or link that connects them. Because of its low loss and ability to transmit interference-free over long distances, the fiber optic link provides the means of locating the active interrogator/system interface outside the MRI Scanner (Zone 4) Area. Figure 1. Block diagram of a fiber optic sensor systemHow does a fiber optic position sensor work?
Typically optical power (light) is sent to the sensor where the light is being altered or changed in amplitude, wavelength, polarization, etc. Other sensors measure the time of flight of the light while the physical property changes the optical path length.
The simplest form of a fiber optic sensor is an optic limit switch where the presence or absence of an object in the light path must be determined. In this case evaluating the ON-OFF state of light is sufficient and works reliably. To the fiber optic designer it is an unfortunate reality that optical amplitude within a fiber optic link is not stable and cannot be relied on for making absolute measurements. Long term source degradation, fiber bending and fiber optic connector non-repeatability all affect optical transmission over time and environmental factors severely affect measurement accuracy. Fiber optic communication links are reliable because they transmit digital information and all receivers incorporate an automatic gain control (AGC) amplifier.
Thus, position sensors that depend on light amplitude modulation have proven to be unstable, inaccurate and unreliable. Spectral-based techniques are much more reliable because they are not affected by light intensity. Whether the light level is low or high, the spectral light distribution in the fiber remains the same. For instance, Fiber Bragg Gratings are one such technology which alter the spectral behavior but are affected by temperature – making for a poor position sensor. The key optical innovation of the Micronor MR330 series MRI position sensor is that the position information is embedded into the optical spectrum and provides accurate, high resolution position information unaffected by varying losses or degradation in the fiber optic link. Utilizing the optical spectrum as the information carrier rather than amplitude assures reliable accuracy, even when the fiber link installation is degraded.
Figure 2. Diagram of the MR338 MRI safe fiber optic absolute position sensor
As shown in Figure 3, the interrogator/controller transmits a broadband light pulse to the sensor via the input fiber. Based on the position of the rotary code wheel, the internal optics passively convert this light pulse source into a return signal transmitted over the output fiber, in which the spectral pattern is essentially a unique binary representation of the rotary encoder’s angular position. Internally, the interrogator functions like a spectral analysis system in which the optical return signal is imaged onto a CCD and the resultant spectral signature analyzed and converted to an angular position code.
Figure 3. How the MR338 fiber optic position sensor works
The second innovation of the MR338 MRI Safe Position Sensor is its fabrication from non-metallic materials so to be completely RF transparent. This was not a simple substitution of non-metallic materials versus the original MR332 “Metallic” industrial sensor design. Due to the accuracy required, the materials must be extremely stable over temperature, humidity and time. Internally the sensor accurately resolves down to 4µm thus any shift of the material introduces an error in position reading. There are numerous plastic materials that have a suitable low temperature coefficient, however, as is typical for plastics, they exhibit hygroscopic property which means they change size based on moisture content. A suitable ceramic-like material is used for alignment of the dimensionally critical optics. This part is fabricated using high precision stereo lithographic fabrication technology.
The resulting MR338 MRI position sensor system offers 13-bit (8192 counts or 0.044°) single turn resolution and 12-bit (4096 count) multiturn tracking. The same optical technique is also applied to a fiber optic linear position sensing system.
ISweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
2016年6月3日星期五
Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing (DFOS) Market Report 2016-2026
Visiongain assesses that the global Distributed Fibre Optic Sensor market will reach $2,373.6m in 2016. It is therefore critical that your
strategic planning is in place and your forecasting plans are
established to take advantage of the business potential here.
Visiongain's report will ensure that you keep informed and ahead of your competitors. Gain that competitive advantage.
The report will answer questions such as: - What are the prospects for the overall Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market? - How profitable is the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market? - Who are the key players within the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market? - What are the drivers and restraints underpinning the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market?
5 Reasons why you must order and read this report today:
1) The report provides detailed profiles of 10 leading companies operating within the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market, and brief profiles of 14 other companies operating within the market:
Leading Companies - with market share revealed for the leading 7 companies - QinetiQ Group plc - Lockheed Martin Corporation - Northrop Grumman Corporation - Baker Hughes, Inc. - CGG - Future Fibre Technologies Ltd. - Magal S3 - Fotech Solutions Ltd. - LIOS Technology GmbH - Southwest Microwave Inc.
Other Companies - AP Sensing GmbH - FibrisTerre GmbH - Halliburton Corporation - Intelligent Fiber Optics Systems (IFOS) Inc. - Omega Company - Omnisens SA - OZ Optics - Savcor OY - Schlumberger Ltd - SensorNet - Silixa Ltd - Tendeka Group - Weatherford International - Ziebel
2) The study reveals where and how companies are investing in the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market. We show you the prospects for the following national markets. These national markets are further segmented into individual forecast for each of the 4 application submarkets. - Australia - Brazil - Canada - China - France - Germany - India - Israel - Japan - Russia - Saudi Arabia - South Korea - United Kingdom - United States - Rest of the World
3) The report provides details of 114 contracts relating to the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market
4) The analysis is underpinned by an exclusive interview with a leading expert , Hagai Katz, Senior VP Marketing & Business Development, at Magal S3
5) Our overview also forecasts and analyses these 4 application submarkets from 2016-2026. These forecasts are revealed at the global level PLUS individually for each of the 14 national markets - The DFOS for Critical Infrastructure Submarket - The DFOS for Military Applications Submarket - The DFOS for Security Applications Submarket - The DFOS for Upstream Oil & Gas Submarket
How will you benefit from this report? - This report you will keep your DFOS knowledge base up to speed. Don't get left behind. - This report will allow you to reinforce strategic decision-making based upon definitive and reliable DFOS market data. - You will learn how to exploit new technological trends. - You will be able to realise your company's full potential within the DFOS market. - You will better understand the competitive landscape and identify potential new business opportunities & partnerships.
Competitive advantage This independent 273 page report guarantees you will remain better informed than your competitors. With 268 tables and figures examining the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market space, the report gives you an immediate, one-stop breakdown of your market. PLUS national market forecasts, as well as analysis, from 2016-2026 keeping your knowledge that one step ahead of your rivals.
Who should read this report? - Anyone within the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment value chain. - Defence contractors - Energy companies - Security companies - Engineering companies - Business development managers - Technologists - Suppliers - R&D staff - CEO's - COO's - CIO's - Marketing managers - Investors - Banks - Government agencies - Contractors
Don't miss out This report is essential reading for you or anyone in the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment sector. Purchasing this report today will help you to recognise those important market opportunities and understand the possibilities there. Order theDistributed Fibre Optic Sensing (DFOS) Market Report 2016-2026: DAS, DTS & Other Sensors for Critical Infrastructure, Military, Security and Upstream Oil & Gas Applications Reportnow. We look forward to receiving your order
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Visiongain's report will ensure that you keep informed and ahead of your competitors. Gain that competitive advantage.
The report will answer questions such as: - What are the prospects for the overall Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market? - How profitable is the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market? - Who are the key players within the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market? - What are the drivers and restraints underpinning the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market?
5 Reasons why you must order and read this report today:
1) The report provides detailed profiles of 10 leading companies operating within the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market, and brief profiles of 14 other companies operating within the market:
Leading Companies - with market share revealed for the leading 7 companies - QinetiQ Group plc - Lockheed Martin Corporation - Northrop Grumman Corporation - Baker Hughes, Inc. - CGG - Future Fibre Technologies Ltd. - Magal S3 - Fotech Solutions Ltd. - LIOS Technology GmbH - Southwest Microwave Inc.
Other Companies - AP Sensing GmbH - FibrisTerre GmbH - Halliburton Corporation - Intelligent Fiber Optics Systems (IFOS) Inc. - Omega Company - Omnisens SA - OZ Optics - Savcor OY - Schlumberger Ltd - SensorNet - Silixa Ltd - Tendeka Group - Weatherford International - Ziebel
2) The study reveals where and how companies are investing in the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market. We show you the prospects for the following national markets. These national markets are further segmented into individual forecast for each of the 4 application submarkets. - Australia - Brazil - Canada - China - France - Germany - India - Israel - Japan - Russia - Saudi Arabia - South Korea - United Kingdom - United States - Rest of the World
3) The report provides details of 114 contracts relating to the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market
4) The analysis is underpinned by an exclusive interview with a leading expert , Hagai Katz, Senior VP Marketing & Business Development, at Magal S3
5) Our overview also forecasts and analyses these 4 application submarkets from 2016-2026. These forecasts are revealed at the global level PLUS individually for each of the 14 national markets - The DFOS for Critical Infrastructure Submarket - The DFOS for Military Applications Submarket - The DFOS for Security Applications Submarket - The DFOS for Upstream Oil & Gas Submarket
How will you benefit from this report? - This report you will keep your DFOS knowledge base up to speed. Don't get left behind. - This report will allow you to reinforce strategic decision-making based upon definitive and reliable DFOS market data. - You will learn how to exploit new technological trends. - You will be able to realise your company's full potential within the DFOS market. - You will better understand the competitive landscape and identify potential new business opportunities & partnerships.
Competitive advantage This independent 273 page report guarantees you will remain better informed than your competitors. With 268 tables and figures examining the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment market space, the report gives you an immediate, one-stop breakdown of your market. PLUS national market forecasts, as well as analysis, from 2016-2026 keeping your knowledge that one step ahead of your rivals.
Who should read this report? - Anyone within the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment value chain. - Defence contractors - Energy companies - Security companies - Engineering companies - Business development managers - Technologists - Suppliers - R&D staff - CEO's - COO's - CIO's - Marketing managers - Investors - Banks - Government agencies - Contractors
Don't miss out This report is essential reading for you or anyone in the Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing Equipment sector. Purchasing this report today will help you to recognise those important market opportunities and understand the possibilities there. Order theDistributed Fibre Optic Sensing (DFOS) Market Report 2016-2026: DAS, DTS & Other Sensors for Critical Infrastructure, Military, Security and Upstream Oil & Gas Applications Reportnow. We look forward to receiving your order
ISweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
2016年6月2日星期四
Global Fibre Optics Sensors Market to Grow Steadily at a CAGR of About 9% During 2016-2020
Technavios market research analyst predicts the global fiber optic sensors market to grow steadily at a CAGR of about 9% during the
forecast period. The fiber optic sensors capability of a higher
tolerance for high temperatures is expected to drive the demand for
these sensors in applications that has extreme environmental conditions
and where electrical sensors fail to function properly, such as the oil
and gas, and manufacturing sector.
Increased exploration of unconventional resources is another major factor expected to increase the revenues of the fiber optic sensors market during the forecast period. Fiber optic sensors are integrated into equipment used during the drilling and exploration stages. The increase in consumption of oil and gas and the decline in the production of conventional oil reserves has forced vendors and governments to indulge in exploration and drilling activities, therefore, leading to greater demand for fiber optic sensors in this industry.
Product segmentation and analysis of the fiber optic sensors market
- Intrinsic fiber optic sensors
- Extrinsic fiber optic sensors
The intrinsic sensors segment dominated the market during 2015, with a market share of above 93%. Intrinsic sensors are used to measure physical properties such as strain, pressure, and temperature. The main reason behind the dominance of intrinsic sensors is the early adoption of these sensors in oil and gas industry.
Segmentation by end-user and analysis of the fiber optic sensors market
- Oil and gas
- Manufacturing
- Infrastructure
- Security
- Others
Oil and gas accounted for nearly 31% of the market share during 2015. The high demand for equipment used for exploration and drilling activities and the ability of fiber optic sensors to measure temperatures and strain at different locations through a single fiber using multiplexing technology has been driving the growth of this segment.
Geographical segmentation and analysis of the fiber optic sensors market
- Americas
- APAC
- EMEA
The Americas accounted for almost 42% of the market share during 2015 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of close to 10% during the forecast period. The high adoption rate of fiber optic sensors in the manufacturing industry and the availability of huge reserves resulting in increased exploration and drilling activities are the primary drivers for the market growth in this region.
Key questions answered in the report
- What will the market size and the growth rate be in 2020?
- What are the key factors driving the global fiber optic sensors market?
- What are the key market trends impacting the growth of the global fiber optic sensors market?
- What are the challenges to market growth?
- Who are the key vendors in the global fiber optic sensors market?
- What are the market opportunities and threats faced by the vendors in the global fiber optic sensors market?
- Trending factors influencing the market shares of the Americas, APAC, and EMEA.
- What are the key outcomes of the five forces analysis of the global fiber optic sensors market?
ISweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
Increased exploration of unconventional resources is another major factor expected to increase the revenues of the fiber optic sensors market during the forecast period. Fiber optic sensors are integrated into equipment used during the drilling and exploration stages. The increase in consumption of oil and gas and the decline in the production of conventional oil reserves has forced vendors and governments to indulge in exploration and drilling activities, therefore, leading to greater demand for fiber optic sensors in this industry.
Product segmentation and analysis of the fiber optic sensors market
- Intrinsic fiber optic sensors
- Extrinsic fiber optic sensors
The intrinsic sensors segment dominated the market during 2015, with a market share of above 93%. Intrinsic sensors are used to measure physical properties such as strain, pressure, and temperature. The main reason behind the dominance of intrinsic sensors is the early adoption of these sensors in oil and gas industry.
Segmentation by end-user and analysis of the fiber optic sensors market
- Oil and gas
- Manufacturing
- Infrastructure
- Security
- Others
Oil and gas accounted for nearly 31% of the market share during 2015. The high demand for equipment used for exploration and drilling activities and the ability of fiber optic sensors to measure temperatures and strain at different locations through a single fiber using multiplexing technology has been driving the growth of this segment.
Geographical segmentation and analysis of the fiber optic sensors market
- Americas
- APAC
- EMEA
The Americas accounted for almost 42% of the market share during 2015 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of close to 10% during the forecast period. The high adoption rate of fiber optic sensors in the manufacturing industry and the availability of huge reserves resulting in increased exploration and drilling activities are the primary drivers for the market growth in this region.
Key questions answered in the report
- What will the market size and the growth rate be in 2020?
- What are the key factors driving the global fiber optic sensors market?
- What are the key market trends impacting the growth of the global fiber optic sensors market?
- What are the challenges to market growth?
- Who are the key vendors in the global fiber optic sensors market?
- What are the market opportunities and threats faced by the vendors in the global fiber optic sensors market?
- Trending factors influencing the market shares of the Americas, APAC, and EMEA.
- What are the key outcomes of the five forces analysis of the global fiber optic sensors market?
ISweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
2016年3月29日星期二
Global differential-pressure flow sensors consumption for 2016 available in new report
Global Differential-pressure Flow Sensors Consumption 2016 is a new
market research publication announced by Reportstack. This report is a
professional and in-depth study on the current state of the
Differential-pressure Flow Sensors market.
First, the report provides a basic overview of the Differential-pressure Flow Sensors industry including definitions, classifications, applications and industry chain structure. And development policies and plans are discussed as well as manufacturing processes and cost structures.
Secondly, the report states the global Differential-pressure Flow Sensors market size (volume and value), and the segment markets by regions, types, applications and companies are also discussed.
Third, the Differential-pressure Flow Sensors market analysis is provided for major regions including USA, Europe, China and Japan, and other regions can be added. For each region, market size and end users are analyzed as well as segment markets by types, applications and companies.
Then, the report focuses on global major leading industry players with information such as company profiles, product picture and specifications, sales, market share and contact information.
In a word, the report provides major statistics on the state of the industry and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
Snapshot of TOC with Companies Mentioned
8 Major Manufacturers Analysis of Differential-pressure Flow Sensors
8.1 Systec Controls
8.1.1 Company Profile
8.1.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.1.3 Sales Volume, Sales Revenue, Sale Price and Gross Margin
8.1.4 Contact Information
8.2 Honeywell Sensing and Productivity Solutions
8.2.1 Company Profile
8.2.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.2.3 Sales Volume, Sales Revenue, Sale Price and Gross Margin
8.2.4 Contact Information
8.3 iC-Haus
8.3.1 Company Profile
8.3.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.3.3 Sales Volume, Sales Revenue, Sale Price and Gross Margin
8.3.4 Contact Information
8.4 Sensirion
8.4.1 Company Profile
8.4.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.4.3 Sales Volume, Sales Revenue, Sale Price and Gross Margin
8.4.4 Contact Information
ISweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
First, the report provides a basic overview of the Differential-pressure Flow Sensors industry including definitions, classifications, applications and industry chain structure. And development policies and plans are discussed as well as manufacturing processes and cost structures.
Secondly, the report states the global Differential-pressure Flow Sensors market size (volume and value), and the segment markets by regions, types, applications and companies are also discussed.
Third, the Differential-pressure Flow Sensors market analysis is provided for major regions including USA, Europe, China and Japan, and other regions can be added. For each region, market size and end users are analyzed as well as segment markets by types, applications and companies.
Then, the report focuses on global major leading industry players with information such as company profiles, product picture and specifications, sales, market share and contact information.
In a word, the report provides major statistics on the state of the industry and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
Snapshot of TOC with Companies Mentioned
8 Major Manufacturers Analysis of Differential-pressure Flow Sensors
8.1 Systec Controls
8.1.1 Company Profile
8.1.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.1.3 Sales Volume, Sales Revenue, Sale Price and Gross Margin
8.1.4 Contact Information
8.2 Honeywell Sensing and Productivity Solutions
8.2.1 Company Profile
8.2.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.2.3 Sales Volume, Sales Revenue, Sale Price and Gross Margin
8.2.4 Contact Information
8.3 iC-Haus
8.3.1 Company Profile
8.3.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.3.3 Sales Volume, Sales Revenue, Sale Price and Gross Margin
8.3.4 Contact Information
8.4 Sensirion
8.4.1 Company Profile
8.4.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.4.3 Sales Volume, Sales Revenue, Sale Price and Gross Margin
8.4.4 Contact Information
ISweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
2016年3月22日星期二
Learn details of the flow sensors market that is set to reach 8.49 USD billion by 2020
Flow Sensors are devices used to directly or inferentially measure the
flow rate of the fluid.The flow sensor market can be segmented based on
the fluid characteristic that is measured, the end use industry for the
flow sensor and technology utilized in flow sensor. The global flow
sensors market generated revenue of $5.62 Billion in the 2014 and is
forecast to grow at a CAGR of 7.1% through 2020.
According to the report “Flow Sensors Market Analysis and Forecast By Technology (Coriolis, Magnetic, Mass, Ultrasonic, Vortex, Thermal); By Industry (Automotive, Manufacturing, Oil and Gas, Petrochemical, Healthcare) - (2015 - 2020)”, the flow sensors market is estimated to reach $8.49 Billion by 2020 to grow at CAGR 7.1%.
Browse 90 Market Tables, 70 Figures spread through 225 Pages and an in-depth TOC on “Flow Sensors Market Analysis”.
The rising demand for accurate flow measurements and the growing need to monitor and control the flow are the key drivers for this market.
The growth in demand is primarily due to changing governmental regulations. The mounting waste water management practices and environmental regulations, especially APAC and South America, are estimated to lead the increased adoption of flow sensors.
Recently, the U.S. government passed regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in power plants and landfill sites.
In addition, European Union has also emphasized on reducing carbon dioxide emissions and has set potential target of 20% less greenhouse gases from 1990 to 2020.
MCERT regulations (robust monitoring of emissions through air, land and water) have been approved in the U.K in order to curtail emissions.
Flow sensors can be classified based on the principle of working into five major types including: velocity flow, mass flow, and differential pressure sensors. The differential pressure and positive displacement flow sensors are the oldest technologies in the flow sensors market.
The velocity, differential pressure and the mass flow sensors are the dominant ones in the market. The improved accuracy of the newer flow sensor types such as velocity and mass flow sensors has resulted in increased demand due to replacement of the older types.
The shale gas revolution in North America has led to increased adoption of flow sensors and the increasing need for accurate measurements which maximize the profits.
Flow sensors are classified based on the type of technology into electromagnetic, ultrasonic, orifice plate, coriolis, open channel and pitot tubes and others. The new technologies such as ultrasonic, coriolis, electromagnetic have already penetrated into the market and are projected to provide tough competition for the existing technologies.
The new installations and effective dispatch of flow sensors provides an impetus to the market growth.
Flow sensors are used in various industries including oil and gas, chemical, pharmaceutical, food and beverage as well as consumer applications such as HVAC. The increasing number of applications such as in the paper and pulp industry has propelled the flow sensor market, particularly the ultrasonic flow sensors segment.
The growth of the end use industries such as oil and gas, due to the shale oil revolution, is projected to drive the flow sensors market.
The top five companies in the flow sensors market include;
• ABB AG (Switzerland)
• Emerson Electric Co. (U.S.)
• Endress+Hauser AG (Switzerland)
•
• Siemens AG (Germany)
These companies have a combined market share of 60% in the flow sensor market. Though these companies have a dominant position in the market, there are a few companies such as Krohne, Inc. (Germany), Omron (Japan), Omega (U.S.), Yokogawa Ltd. (Japan), Toshiba (Corporation), Floe line (U.S.) and so on which are providing a strong competition to the top players in the market.
Flow sensor companies have concentrated on launching innovative products and augmenting their product portfolio as their core strategy in order to gain competitive edge in this growing market. New flow sensor technologies such as coriolis, laser based and electromagnetic sensors have been launched as they offer additional capabilities and increased accuracy and reliability.
The development of innovative products is set to propel the flow sensors market.
Segmentation Based on Geography:
• America - U.S.A., Canada, Mexico, Brazil & Others
• South America - Brazil, Argentina & Others
• Europe - UK, Germany, France, Scandinavia &Rest of Eastern Europe
• APAC - China, Japan, Australia, India & Others
• Rest of the World - Middle East & Africa
ISweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
According to the report “Flow Sensors Market Analysis and Forecast By Technology (Coriolis, Magnetic, Mass, Ultrasonic, Vortex, Thermal); By Industry (Automotive, Manufacturing, Oil and Gas, Petrochemical, Healthcare) - (2015 - 2020)”, the flow sensors market is estimated to reach $8.49 Billion by 2020 to grow at CAGR 7.1%.
Browse 90 Market Tables, 70 Figures spread through 225 Pages and an in-depth TOC on “Flow Sensors Market Analysis”.
The rising demand for accurate flow measurements and the growing need to monitor and control the flow are the key drivers for this market.
The growth in demand is primarily due to changing governmental regulations. The mounting waste water management practices and environmental regulations, especially APAC and South America, are estimated to lead the increased adoption of flow sensors.
Recently, the U.S. government passed regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in power plants and landfill sites.
In addition, European Union has also emphasized on reducing carbon dioxide emissions and has set potential target of 20% less greenhouse gases from 1990 to 2020.
MCERT regulations (robust monitoring of emissions through air, land and water) have been approved in the U.K in order to curtail emissions.
Flow sensors can be classified based on the principle of working into five major types including: velocity flow, mass flow, and differential pressure sensors. The differential pressure and positive displacement flow sensors are the oldest technologies in the flow sensors market.
The velocity, differential pressure and the mass flow sensors are the dominant ones in the market. The improved accuracy of the newer flow sensor types such as velocity and mass flow sensors has resulted in increased demand due to replacement of the older types.
The shale gas revolution in North America has led to increased adoption of flow sensors and the increasing need for accurate measurements which maximize the profits.
Flow sensors are classified based on the type of technology into electromagnetic, ultrasonic, orifice plate, coriolis, open channel and pitot tubes and others. The new technologies such as ultrasonic, coriolis, electromagnetic have already penetrated into the market and are projected to provide tough competition for the existing technologies.
The new installations and effective dispatch of flow sensors provides an impetus to the market growth.
Flow sensors are used in various industries including oil and gas, chemical, pharmaceutical, food and beverage as well as consumer applications such as HVAC. The increasing number of applications such as in the paper and pulp industry has propelled the flow sensor market, particularly the ultrasonic flow sensors segment.
The growth of the end use industries such as oil and gas, due to the shale oil revolution, is projected to drive the flow sensors market.
The top five companies in the flow sensors market include;
• ABB AG (Switzerland)
• Emerson Electric Co. (U.S.)
• Endress+Hauser AG (Switzerland)
•
• Siemens AG (Germany)
These companies have a combined market share of 60% in the flow sensor market. Though these companies have a dominant position in the market, there are a few companies such as Krohne, Inc. (Germany), Omron (Japan), Omega (U.S.), Yokogawa Ltd. (Japan), Toshiba (Corporation), Floe line (U.S.) and so on which are providing a strong competition to the top players in the market.
Flow sensor companies have concentrated on launching innovative products and augmenting their product portfolio as their core strategy in order to gain competitive edge in this growing market. New flow sensor technologies such as coriolis, laser based and electromagnetic sensors have been launched as they offer additional capabilities and increased accuracy and reliability.
The development of innovative products is set to propel the flow sensors market.
Segmentation Based on Geography:
• America - U.S.A., Canada, Mexico, Brazil & Others
• South America - Brazil, Argentina & Others
• Europe - UK, Germany, France, Scandinavia &Rest of Eastern Europe
• APAC - China, Japan, Australia, India & Others
• Rest of the World - Middle East & Africa
ISweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
2016年2月29日星期一
Infrared CO2 sensor working principle
In nature, plants use CO2 for photosynthesis. CO2 combinate with
moisture under the action of the sun to produce sugar (and oxygen). We
know about how much Infrared CO2 sensor? How does it work?
CO2 can absorb infrared wavelengths of light. The absorption can be used to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide per unit volume. The infrared absorption function of CO2 is causing part of the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is one of the characteristics of all the planet's atmosphere, it makes the planet's surface temperature is higher than without the atmosphere. Any gas absorbs the sun's rays will lead to the greenhouse effect, the most important greenhouse gas for surface of the earth include: water vapor, CO2 and methane, they can absorb infrared wavelengths of light.
Most of gas sensors could give the corresponding signal according to the molecular density, even down to one over one million as units. According to the ideal gas law, when the pressure and/or temperature change, density of molecules will change, and PPM value is displayed on the sensor. Accuratly say this is wrong, as density of the gas (in PPM) will not change with the change of temperature and pressure. The change of gas sensor readings can also be used to correct for the temperature and the pressure change of gas sensor readings errors.
Considering the water vapor to the effect of CO2 sensor, the information is very important. For example: in the same pressure, temperature and volume, add water vapour in the process of gas drying, then water had taken over of general mixture of other gas molecules.
Our CO2 gas sensors could be used for accurate CO2 detection.
iSweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
CO2 can absorb infrared wavelengths of light. The absorption can be used to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide per unit volume. The infrared absorption function of CO2 is causing part of the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is one of the characteristics of all the planet's atmosphere, it makes the planet's surface temperature is higher than without the atmosphere. Any gas absorbs the sun's rays will lead to the greenhouse effect, the most important greenhouse gas for surface of the earth include: water vapor, CO2 and methane, they can absorb infrared wavelengths of light.
Most of gas sensors could give the corresponding signal according to the molecular density, even down to one over one million as units. According to the ideal gas law, when the pressure and/or temperature change, density of molecules will change, and PPM value is displayed on the sensor. Accuratly say this is wrong, as density of the gas (in PPM) will not change with the change of temperature and pressure. The change of gas sensor readings can also be used to correct for the temperature and the pressure change of gas sensor readings errors.
Considering the water vapor to the effect of CO2 sensor, the information is very important. For example: in the same pressure, temperature and volume, add water vapour in the process of gas drying, then water had taken over of general mixture of other gas molecules.
Our CO2 gas sensors could be used for accurate CO2 detection.
iSweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
2016年2月23日星期二
Infrared CO2 sensor
Cal Sensors announces the global launch of the IRCO2, an infrared CO2 sensor for HVAC applications. Designed to meet the challenging accuracy
and reliability requirements of Demand Controlled Ventilation systems
(DCVs), the IRCO2 combines superior sensitivity and reliability with
lower costs and power consumption.
Cal Sensors' IRCO2 sensor applies the latest in non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) technologies. The optical path consists of a state-of-the-art emitter and detector that optimize the signal to noise performance while minimizing costs. Unlike traditional CO2 sensors that produce a signal by reacting with the gas, thus degrading over time, NDIR sensors generate a signal passively, by measuring the absorption of infrared light through the gas. Consequently, the infrared system eliminates degradation concerns, reduces maintenance, and provides accurate measurements more reliably.
Cal Sensors can support prototyping to high volume manufacturing requests with lead times depending on quantities desired.
The IRCO2 was first introduced at the SPIE Photonics West 2013 exhibit held February 2-7, 2013 in San Francisco, California.
iSweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
Cal Sensors' IRCO2 sensor applies the latest in non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) technologies. The optical path consists of a state-of-the-art emitter and detector that optimize the signal to noise performance while minimizing costs. Unlike traditional CO2 sensors that produce a signal by reacting with the gas, thus degrading over time, NDIR sensors generate a signal passively, by measuring the absorption of infrared light through the gas. Consequently, the infrared system eliminates degradation concerns, reduces maintenance, and provides accurate measurements more reliably.
Cal Sensors can support prototyping to high volume manufacturing requests with lead times depending on quantities desired.
The IRCO2 was first introduced at the SPIE Photonics West 2013 exhibit held February 2-7, 2013 in San Francisco, California.
iSweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
2016年2月19日星期五
New Universal Inductive Conductivity Sensor Simplifies Accurate Process Measurement
Designed with matched dual toroidal magnetic coils for precision
accuracy, the intelligent S80 Inductive Conductivity Sensor from
Electro-Chemical Devices (USA) simplifies process measurement in rugged
industrial water treatment applications.
The measurement of conductivity in liquid water-based solutions is an essential requirement in a wide range of municipal water treatment and industrial processes. Conductivity sensors measure the electrical conductivity of a solution, which correlates to the purity of the water or the amount of dissolved ions in the liquid.
The versatile S80 Inductive Conductivity Sensors are ideal for a wide range of rugged environment municipal and industrial water applications. They are suitable for service in applications that include: wastewater treatment effluent, petrochemical refinery cooling tower water, food/beverage concentration control and clean-in-place (CIP) systems, electronic component resin regeneration, rinsing systems for metals and mining production, paper pulp stock processes and electric power generation cooling tower water. The 0.75-inch diameter allows for easy installation using the fittings common to all S80 sensors.
The S80 Inductive Conductivity Sensors convert the analogue signals from their dual toroid magnetic coils into a digital protocol that allows two-way communications with ECD’s universal T80 transmitter. The identity of the sensor, the measurement type and the serial number are stored in the sensor’s memory along with three calibration registers.
When connected to an ECD digital analyser the sensor’s conductivity measurement information is uploaded from the sensor to the analyser. This system configures the displays and outputs of the transmitter to the values appropriate for the parameter measured by the sensor. Set-up is easy with this virtually plug-and-play sensor/transmitter/analyser technology.
The S80’s conductivity sensors feature a chemically resistant PVDF (KYNAR) body, which is excellent for highly corrosive industrial process environments. The standard contacting sensor configuration can measure from very low conductivity, < 50 µS, to very high conductivity ranges, but they can be subject to coating and corrosion issues in some applications. When those conditions are present the non-contacting configuration sensors excel. The contacting conductivity S80 sensors come in three ranges, low range, 0.05μS – 50μS, high range, 50μS – 50mS and Resistivity, 0 – 20MΩ. The inductive sensors measure from 50µS to 1000mS.
The S80 Sensors are designed for use with the ECD Model T80 transmitter, which is available as a single or dual channel transmitter for the measurement of conductivity, resistivity, pH, ORP, pION, dissolved oxygen and turbidity. The Model T80 transmitter digitally communicates with any ECD intelligent S80 digital sensor, automatically configuring the transmitter’s menus and display screens to the measured parameter.
The ECD S80 digital sensor product line facilitates two way communication with the Model T80 transmitters. With the optional SENTINEL configuration, the transmitter automatically activates a “remaining life” diagnostic graphic alert for the S80 sensor’s replaceable cartridge.
iSweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
The measurement of conductivity in liquid water-based solutions is an essential requirement in a wide range of municipal water treatment and industrial processes. Conductivity sensors measure the electrical conductivity of a solution, which correlates to the purity of the water or the amount of dissolved ions in the liquid.
The versatile S80 Inductive Conductivity Sensors are ideal for a wide range of rugged environment municipal and industrial water applications. They are suitable for service in applications that include: wastewater treatment effluent, petrochemical refinery cooling tower water, food/beverage concentration control and clean-in-place (CIP) systems, electronic component resin regeneration, rinsing systems for metals and mining production, paper pulp stock processes and electric power generation cooling tower water. The 0.75-inch diameter allows for easy installation using the fittings common to all S80 sensors.
The S80 Inductive Conductivity Sensors convert the analogue signals from their dual toroid magnetic coils into a digital protocol that allows two-way communications with ECD’s universal T80 transmitter. The identity of the sensor, the measurement type and the serial number are stored in the sensor’s memory along with three calibration registers.
When connected to an ECD digital analyser the sensor’s conductivity measurement information is uploaded from the sensor to the analyser. This system configures the displays and outputs of the transmitter to the values appropriate for the parameter measured by the sensor. Set-up is easy with this virtually plug-and-play sensor/transmitter/analyser technology.
The S80’s conductivity sensors feature a chemically resistant PVDF (KYNAR) body, which is excellent for highly corrosive industrial process environments. The standard contacting sensor configuration can measure from very low conductivity, < 50 µS, to very high conductivity ranges, but they can be subject to coating and corrosion issues in some applications. When those conditions are present the non-contacting configuration sensors excel. The contacting conductivity S80 sensors come in three ranges, low range, 0.05μS – 50μS, high range, 50μS – 50mS and Resistivity, 0 – 20MΩ. The inductive sensors measure from 50µS to 1000mS.
The S80 Sensors are designed for use with the ECD Model T80 transmitter, which is available as a single or dual channel transmitter for the measurement of conductivity, resistivity, pH, ORP, pION, dissolved oxygen and turbidity. The Model T80 transmitter digitally communicates with any ECD intelligent S80 digital sensor, automatically configuring the transmitter’s menus and display screens to the measured parameter.
The ECD S80 digital sensor product line facilitates two way communication with the Model T80 transmitters. With the optional SENTINEL configuration, the transmitter automatically activates a “remaining life” diagnostic graphic alert for the S80 sensor’s replaceable cartridge.
iSweek（http://www.isweek.com/）- Industry sourcing & Wholesale industrial products
Zirconia Oxygen Sensors - Principles of Operation and Design
Many processes use zirconia based oxygen sensors for monitoring and
control. Solid-state sensors have found uses in a wide range of
applications, including, control of atmosphere in materials processing
and control of air-to-fuel ratio in combustion.
Technox Zirconia Oxygen Sensors
Technox® 802 a fully stabilised Yttria zirconia (FSZ) material is used to produce a wide range of components for application as oxygen sensors. Typically these include thin walled, open and closed end tubes, flat plates and sheets.
Figure 1. Technox® 802 zirconia oxygen sensors.
Operating Temperatures for Oxygen Sensors
The characteristics required for an oxygen monitoring device will vary with its application. Thus a flue gas monitor would be required to operate between 200°C and 600°C when interpretation of the EMF generated would be difficult, due to the temperature dependence of the electrode kinetics and the variation in EMF due to temperature.
As the boiler output is changed the flue gas temperature will change similarly so that the EMF output would vary. To obtain a constant and representative EMF the zirconia electrolyte is maintained at constant high temperature (700°C-800°C) as shown in figure 2 by incorporating the sensor in an oven.
Figure 2. Schematic of an oxygen level sensor.
Atmosphere Control
Atmosphere control using a dedicated monitor requires operation at low partial pressure of oxygen and temperatures in the range 800°C-1200°C. The gas carburising process used to harden steel components is a typical application. However at the high end of this temperature range the electronic conductivity can become significant.
Care must be taken to avoid impurities such as Fe3+ which could enhance this reaction. Further problems are encountered:
• With the removal of grain boundary phases by volatilisation allowing the electrolyte to become permeable and
• With the high thermal stresses often generated when carbon deposits are regularly burnt off.
Reducing Emissions
The legal requirements in some countries to control exhaust gas emission and the rapid increase in fuel prices have led to the demand for greater control of the internal combustion engine.
Control of Air/Fuel Ratios
The effectiveness of the equipment added to reduce pollution depends on accurate control of the air to fuel ratio, which may be monitored with an oxygen sensor, either before combustion or more usually from the exhaust gas composition.
The exhaust gas is usually reducing, hence there is only a small pO2 present. Since the amount of O2 present under thermodynamic equilibrium depends greatly on the air to fuel ratio, it is essential for the sensor, particularly the electrode surfaces, to have catalytic properties in order to equilibrate the pO2 as quickly as possible.
Oxygen Sensor Design
The device most widely used at present consists of a stabilised zirconia electrolyte tube with platinum electrodes deposited on the inner and outer surfaces. With different pO2 on inner and outer surfaces an EMF is generated. If carbon monoxide is present a further reaction is possible:
CO (gas) + O2 (electrolyte) -> CO2 (gas) + 2e- (electrode)
The catalytic reaction at the platinum electrode
CO (gas) + ½ O2 ->CO2
can minimise the above effect. Further reactions can occur when H2, H2O and NOx are present. The successful application of an exhaust monitor requires a simple and inexpensive device which is able to operate in a harsh environment at temperatures in the region of 900°C in the presence of thermal shock.
A typical sensor is shown in the diagram, figure 2, with the format being similar to an 18mm diameter sparking plug.
Figure 2. Schematic of a section through a ZrO2 oxygen sensor for use in an internal combustion engine.
Electrolytes and Electrodes
Yttria stabilised zirconia (YSZ) is used as the electrolyte with platinum coated electrodes, with the outer layer of Pt coated with a porous oxide to protect the electrode from erosion. The microstructure of this layer is of importance since it governs the oxygen equilibrium conditions and also the response time of the device.
For control devices, a well made zirconia electrode has a response time < 200ms above 350°C.
Degradation of the Oxygen Sensor
Another factor of importance is the degradation of the sensor due to ageing of the system, where the main change is an increase in the response time and a decrease in the EMF output. Poisoning of the catalytic activity of the Pt electrode can occur by the deposition of lead oxides or the formation of oil rich deposits on the sensor.
Summary
In spite of these difficulties, zirconia exhaust sensors have been developed successfully particularly for applications with stoichiometric air to fuel mixtures.
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Technox Zirconia Oxygen Sensors
Technox® 802 a fully stabilised Yttria zirconia (FSZ) material is used to produce a wide range of components for application as oxygen sensors. Typically these include thin walled, open and closed end tubes, flat plates and sheets.
Figure 1. Technox® 802 zirconia oxygen sensors.
Operating Temperatures for Oxygen Sensors
The characteristics required for an oxygen monitoring device will vary with its application. Thus a flue gas monitor would be required to operate between 200°C and 600°C when interpretation of the EMF generated would be difficult, due to the temperature dependence of the electrode kinetics and the variation in EMF due to temperature.
As the boiler output is changed the flue gas temperature will change similarly so that the EMF output would vary. To obtain a constant and representative EMF the zirconia electrolyte is maintained at constant high temperature (700°C-800°C) as shown in figure 2 by incorporating the sensor in an oven.
Figure 2. Schematic of an oxygen level sensor.
Atmosphere Control
Atmosphere control using a dedicated monitor requires operation at low partial pressure of oxygen and temperatures in the range 800°C-1200°C. The gas carburising process used to harden steel components is a typical application. However at the high end of this temperature range the electronic conductivity can become significant.
Care must be taken to avoid impurities such as Fe3+ which could enhance this reaction. Further problems are encountered:
• With the removal of grain boundary phases by volatilisation allowing the electrolyte to become permeable and
• With the high thermal stresses often generated when carbon deposits are regularly burnt off.
Reducing Emissions
The legal requirements in some countries to control exhaust gas emission and the rapid increase in fuel prices have led to the demand for greater control of the internal combustion engine.
Control of Air/Fuel Ratios
The effectiveness of the equipment added to reduce pollution depends on accurate control of the air to fuel ratio, which may be monitored with an oxygen sensor, either before combustion or more usually from the exhaust gas composition.
The exhaust gas is usually reducing, hence there is only a small pO2 present. Since the amount of O2 present under thermodynamic equilibrium depends greatly on the air to fuel ratio, it is essential for the sensor, particularly the electrode surfaces, to have catalytic properties in order to equilibrate the pO2 as quickly as possible.
Oxygen Sensor Design
The device most widely used at present consists of a stabilised zirconia electrolyte tube with platinum electrodes deposited on the inner and outer surfaces. With different pO2 on inner and outer surfaces an EMF is generated. If carbon monoxide is present a further reaction is possible:
CO (gas) + O2 (electrolyte) -> CO2 (gas) + 2e- (electrode)
The catalytic reaction at the platinum electrode
CO (gas) + ½ O2 ->CO2
can minimise the above effect. Further reactions can occur when H2, H2O and NOx are present. The successful application of an exhaust monitor requires a simple and inexpensive device which is able to operate in a harsh environment at temperatures in the region of 900°C in the presence of thermal shock.
A typical sensor is shown in the diagram, figure 2, with the format being similar to an 18mm diameter sparking plug.
Figure 2. Schematic of a section through a ZrO2 oxygen sensor for use in an internal combustion engine.
Electrolytes and Electrodes
Yttria stabilised zirconia (YSZ) is used as the electrolyte with platinum coated electrodes, with the outer layer of Pt coated with a porous oxide to protect the electrode from erosion. The microstructure of this layer is of importance since it governs the oxygen equilibrium conditions and also the response time of the device.
For control devices, a well made zirconia electrode has a response time < 200ms above 350°C.
Degradation of the Oxygen Sensor
Another factor of importance is the degradation of the sensor due to ageing of the system, where the main change is an increase in the response time and a decrease in the EMF output. Poisoning of the catalytic activity of the Pt electrode can occur by the deposition of lead oxides or the formation of oil rich deposits on the sensor.
Summary
In spite of these difficulties, zirconia exhaust sensors have been developed successfully particularly for applications with stoichiometric air to fuel mixtures.
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2016年2月16日星期二
Fooling mosquito CO2 sensors to tackle malaria
Research
by scientists at the University of California Riverside, US, could pave the way
for novel insect repellents to tackle the spread of deadly tropical diseases.
Insects such as mosquitoes detect carbon dioxide in exhaled breath to track
down their prey and Anandasankar Ray and his group have shown it's possible to
use odorant molecules to disrupt the insects' carbon dioxide sensing machinery.
'We'd
already shown volatile odorants can block the CO2 Sensor in
fruitflies. This receptor is well conserved across many insects and we thought
the chemicals might also work in other insects,' Ray says.
Evaporating tiny quantities of an ultra-prolonged activator might provide widespread protection against mosquitoes by masking breathed out CO2. This has great potential in the developing world. 'One application could protect an entire hut,' Ray says. They are now looking for odorants that are 10 to 100-fold more effective than those tested in the proof-of-principle study and have carried out a virtual screen of 500,000 compounds.
Currently, mosquito traps are either large and expensive or ineffective. CO2 mimics could lure mosquitoes into the traps without the need for CO2, making traps smaller and cheaper.
Ideally, he says, molecules already tested for safety in flavour & fragrance applications will prove effective and a spin-out company, OlFactor Laboratories, has been set up.
'Optimistically, we may have a prototype in a couple of years,' he says. 'But the idea that odour molecules in very small quantities can have a dramatic effect on the behaviour of such dangerous insects is really attractive.'
In an accompanying commentary, Mark Stopfer of the US National Institute of Child Health and Human Development says the work bodes well in the hunt for new strategies to prevent mosquito-borne diseases.2 However, he cautions, it might not be that simple. 'Because mosquitoes are also attracted to other human body odours in sweat, breath and skin, it remains to be seen how effective these compounds will be for protecting people,' he says.
2016年2月13日星期六
A regenerative label-free fiber optic sensor using surface plasmon resonance for clinical diagnosis of fibrinogen
Tan Tai Nguyen,1 Sun Oh Bea,1 Dong
Min Kim,2 Won Jung Yoon,3 Jin-Won Park,4 Seong
Soo A An,1 Heongkyu Ju1,5,6
1Department of Bionano Technology, College of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong City, 3Department of Chemical and Bio Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, 4Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Energy and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 5Department of Nanophysics, College of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 6Neuroscience Institute, Gil Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
Purpose: We present the regenerative label-free fiber optical sensor that exploits surface plasmon resonance for quantitative detection of fibrinogen (Fbg) extracted from human blood plasma.
1Department of Bionano Technology, College of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong City, 3Department of Chemical and Bio Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, 4Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Energy and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 5Department of Nanophysics, College of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 6Neuroscience Institute, Gil Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
Purpose: We present the regenerative label-free fiber optical sensor that exploits surface plasmon resonance for quantitative detection of fibrinogen (Fbg) extracted from human blood plasma.
Materials and methods: The sensor head was made up of a multimode optical fiber with its polymer cladding replaced by metal composite of nanometer thickness made of silver, aluminum, and nickel. The Ni layer coated allowed a direct immobilization of histidine-tagged peptide (HP) on its metal surface without an additional cross-linker in between. On the coated HP layer, immunoglobulin G was then immobilized for specific capturing of Fbg.
Results: We demonstrated a real-time quantitative detection of Fbg concentrations with limit of detection of ~10 ng/mL. The fact that the HP layer could be removed by imidazole with acid also permitted us to demonstrate the regeneration of the outermost metal surface of the sensor head for the sensor reusability.
Conclusion: The sensor detection limit was estimated to be ~10 pM, which was believed to be sensitive enough for detecting Fbg during the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, myocardial infarction, strokes, and Alzheimer’s diseases.
2016年2月3日星期三
Temperature Sensors Market Is Expected To Reach USD 6.13 Billion By 2020
The global Temperature Sensors Market is expected to reach USD 6.13
billion by 2020. Increasing global demand for smarter consumer
electronics and automobiles is expected to favor market growth over the
forecast period. Temperature sensors are increasingly used in
smartphones and other consumer electronics to monitor their temperature
and enhance performance.
Basic temperature sensors include resistive temperature devices (RTD), thermocouples, liquid expansion devices, silicon diodes, infrared sensors etc. Additionally, fusion of communication, computing and sensing is expected to drive the MEMS market, which is expected to benefit global temperature sensor demand. Technological advancements and device miniaturization also drive market growth. Need for ensuring safety and favorable regulatory scenario is expected to fuel market growth over the forecast period. However, intense competition and significant price cuts may restrain the temperature sensors market over the forecast period.
Further key findings from the study suggest:
• Consumer electronics and environmental applications are expected to grow at a considerable rate over the forecast period. Temperature sensors are increasingly used standalone or integrated with diverse equipment. This technology is spurred by factors such as low cost and power and wireless connectivity. Introduction of new raw materials such as polymers is expected to lower the weight, size and cost of electronic devices.
• Sensors are used in wide range of applications such as consumer electronics, automotive, process industries etc. owing to easy equipment integration. Temperature sensors are increasing used in automotive applications such as cylinder head temperatures, coolant, and air intake. Therefore, rise in automobile production is expected to favor market demand. Temperature sensors are also used in HVAC, environmental control, food processing, medical devices and chemical handling applications.
• The Asia Pacific temperature sensors market accounted for over 30% of the global demand and is expected to grow at a considerable rate over the next six years. The regional market is expected to be driven by advancements in sensor technology and demand for high-performance sensors that can be fitted into handheld portable devices. China is expected to be the largest contributor to regional market revenue generation over the next six years.
• Key market participants include ABB, Delphi Automotive, Analog Devices Inc., Siemens AG, Freescale Semiconductor, Honeywell International, Texas Instruments, NXP Semiconductors, Panasonic, etc. Honeywell serves various industries including aerospace & defense, medical, transportation, industrial etc. Key players are increasingly moving their manufacturing facilities in countries with economical labor particularly in Asia Pacific to reduce their overall cost. Cost effective and differentiated services are expected to be a critical success factor for the industry participants.
Temperature Sensors Application Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2012 - 2020)
• Automotive
• Consumer Electronics
• Environmental
• Healthcare & Medical
• Process Industries
Temperature Sensors Regional Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2012 - 2020)
• North America
• S.
• Europe
• Germany
• UK
• Asia Pacific
• China
• Japan
• India
• RoW
• Brazil
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Basic temperature sensors include resistive temperature devices (RTD), thermocouples, liquid expansion devices, silicon diodes, infrared sensors etc. Additionally, fusion of communication, computing and sensing is expected to drive the MEMS market, which is expected to benefit global temperature sensor demand. Technological advancements and device miniaturization also drive market growth. Need for ensuring safety and favorable regulatory scenario is expected to fuel market growth over the forecast period. However, intense competition and significant price cuts may restrain the temperature sensors market over the forecast period.
Further key findings from the study suggest:
• Consumer electronics and environmental applications are expected to grow at a considerable rate over the forecast period. Temperature sensors are increasingly used standalone or integrated with diverse equipment. This technology is spurred by factors such as low cost and power and wireless connectivity. Introduction of new raw materials such as polymers is expected to lower the weight, size and cost of electronic devices.
• Sensors are used in wide range of applications such as consumer electronics, automotive, process industries etc. owing to easy equipment integration. Temperature sensors are increasing used in automotive applications such as cylinder head temperatures, coolant, and air intake. Therefore, rise in automobile production is expected to favor market demand. Temperature sensors are also used in HVAC, environmental control, food processing, medical devices and chemical handling applications.
• The Asia Pacific temperature sensors market accounted for over 30% of the global demand and is expected to grow at a considerable rate over the next six years. The regional market is expected to be driven by advancements in sensor technology and demand for high-performance sensors that can be fitted into handheld portable devices. China is expected to be the largest contributor to regional market revenue generation over the next six years.
• Key market participants include ABB, Delphi Automotive, Analog Devices Inc., Siemens AG, Freescale Semiconductor, Honeywell International, Texas Instruments, NXP Semiconductors, Panasonic, etc. Honeywell serves various industries including aerospace & defense, medical, transportation, industrial etc. Key players are increasingly moving their manufacturing facilities in countries with economical labor particularly in Asia Pacific to reduce their overall cost. Cost effective and differentiated services are expected to be a critical success factor for the industry participants.
Temperature Sensors Application Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2012 - 2020)
• Automotive
• Consumer Electronics
• Environmental
• Healthcare & Medical
• Process Industries
Temperature Sensors Regional Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2012 - 2020)
• North America
• S.
• Europe
• Germany
• UK
• Asia Pacific
• China
• Japan
• India
• RoW
• Brazil
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Global Gas Sensors Market - Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast, 2013 – 2019
Transparency Market Research published new market report “Gas Sensors
Market – Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast,
2012-2018,” the global gas sensors market is expected to reach a value of USD
2.32 billion by 2018, at a CAGR of 5.7% from 2012 to 2018. Strengthening
government regulations for exhaust emission control and growing concerns
towards occupational safety and health are some important factors driving the
demand for gas sensors, globally.
Some of the majorgas sensing technologies include electrochemical,
semiconductor, catalytic, infrared, PID (photoionization detector), and solid
state, among others. Gas sensors based on electrochemical and semiconductor gas
sensing technologies held the largest market share of around 21% and 20%,
respectively, in 2012. Better efficiency, fast response time, and cost
effectiveness are some important factors that led to the growth of gas sensors
based on these technologies.
The major application areas for gas sensors include automotive industry,
petrochemical industry, manufacturing processes, and environmental applications
among others. Gas sensors are primarily used for indoor and outdoor air quality
monitoring and maintenance, detection of combustible and toxic gases, exhaust
emission control in automobiles and others. Gas sensors are largely used in
industrial applications to monitor and detect concentrations of various toxic
and combustible gases.
Transparency Market Research Industrial applications is the largest
end-user market for gas sensors that accounted for around 20% share in 2012
followed by automotive industry with a share of around 16% in 2012. Automotive
gas sensor is the fastest growing segment and is expected to grow at a CAGR of
6.1% during the forecast period from 2012 to 2018. The growing incorporation of
gas sensors in automobiles for comfort and safety of passengers is mainly
responsible for the growth of the automotive gas sensors market. Gas sensors in
automobiles are used for monitoring cabin air quality, exhaust gas emission
control, and others.
The medical sector is another important end-user industry for gas
sensors which is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.0% from 2012 to 2018. Gas
sensors are used to detect the presence of anesthesia gases in operation
theatres and also to detect gases such as nitrogen, helium and others. Growing
use of gas sensors in breath analysis to check the health of patients is also
driving the demand for gas sensors. Some other application areas of gas sensors
include R&D laboratories, educational institutes, power generation, and
others.
The major product segments of the gas sensors market include oxygensensors (O2), carbon dioxide sensors (CO2), carbon monoxide sensors (CO),
nitrous oxide sensors (NOx), and other gas sensors such as methane sensors,
nitrogen sensors, hydrogen sensors etc. CO2 is the largest product segment that
accounted for around 25% share of the total gas sensors market in 2012 followed
by carbon monoxide gas sensors that held a share of around 15% of the total gas
sensors market in the same year. High concentration of CO2 causes depletion of
oxygen in the air and creates a hazardous situation for humans. One of the
major reasons for the growth of CO2 sensors is their capability to detect
incipient spoilage in controlled packages and storage spaces.
Gas sensors are the devices that transform partial pressures or gas
compositions measured in air or gases into an electric signal. Gas sensors
comprise of two basic parts - a receptor enabling chemical recognition and a
transducer transforming the chemical reactions into an output electric signal.
The research report on the global gas sensors market provides in-depth
analysis of the market based on its major product segments, applications, and
geographies for the period from 2012 to 2018. The report provides complete
understanding of the driving factors, restraints, and prevailing trends behind
the popularity of gas sensors. It also presents estimates and forecast for all
the market segments and explains the impact of various factors on these
segments. Geographically, the gas sensors market is categorized into four regions,
namely, North America, Europe , Asia Pacific,
and Rest of the World (RoW). The report presents the market size and forecast
for these regional markets.
A qualitative analysis of market dynamics for gas sensors is presented
in the market overview section in the report.
The gas sensors market is divided into sub-segments based on various
parameters, in order to enable stakeholders across the supply chain to take
advantage of the strategic analyses included in the report. The competitive
landscape section in the report presents market share analysis of major players
in the global gas sensors market in 2012.
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